Heera Devi Yami: Revolutionary, Social Reformer, and National Heroine of Nepal
Heera Devi Yami is remembered not only as the wife of Dharma Ratna Yami but as a courageous and dedicated leader who played a critical role in Nepal’s political and social transformation. Born in B.S. 1977 (1920 CE) to Heera Kaji Kansakar and Heera Maya Kansakar, she came from a wealthy and influential business family in Bhansachhen, Kathmandu, known for trade with Lhasa, Tibet, and well-respected in the Udaya community.
Early Life and Struggle
Heera Devi’s childhood was marked by tragedy and illness. Her mother passed away when she was seven, and soon after, a stepmother entered the household, causing her emotional distress. At the same time, she contracted tuberculosis of the glands (Gandhamal), which left open wounds around her neck, chest, and armpits, causing nearly a decade of excruciating pain. Despite repeated surgeries, her condition seemed incurable.
Even through her suffering, she pursued her education under Jagat Lal Master, growing frail yet resilient. Her elder brother, Dhan Kaji, sought medical help on her behalf. With the support of Bhaju Ratna Kansakar, she traveled to Calcutta and later to Kalingpong for treatment, where she recovered after intensive care, including massages under the sun for over a year. This period of suffering forged her resilience, empathy, and determination to serve others facing hardship.
Marriage and Political Commitment
Heera Devi married Dharma Ratna Yami in B.S. 2002 (1945 CE), defying her family, who initially rejected the proposal due to Dharma Ratna’s lack of property, political risk, and atheistic reputation. She chose love and shared ideals over wealth, demonstrating remarkable maturity and independence in a society where women rarely made their own marital decisions.
After marriage, she faced extreme adversity. Despite her wealthy background, she endured poverty, hunger, and deprivation while supporting her husband’s underground political activities against the Rana regime. She survived on minimal food, including wild Himalayan nettle (Nhayekan Kwati) and buffalo bone soup, taught local children, and cared for her family under precarious conditions.
Championing Democracy and Women’s Rights
Heera Devi’s courage and strategic skills were vital in Nepal’s democratic movement. She actively led and participated in Mahila Sanghathan, fought for women’s rights, and safeguarded political activists, including Ganesh Man Singh, during underground operations. Even with newborn children, she fearlessly faced arrest and torture.
Communist leader Tulsi Lal Amatya recalled her dedication while protecting children and activists in hiding, noting her selflessness and courage. Democracy leader Ganeshman Singh credited her with saving lives and organizing protest groups. She fearlessly participated in protests, meetings, and underground missions, carrying out tasks that required both intelligence and immense bravery.
Despite societal norms that discouraged educated women, Heera Devi promoted women’s education and political awareness, challenging social taboos and setting a precedent for future generations. She also openly defied caste discrimination, employing untouchables in her household and embracing equality in daily life, walking the talk rather than merely preaching reform.
Support for Dharma Ratna Yami and Political Leadership
Heera Devi’s unwavering support enabled Dharma Ratna to focus on public service and politics. Her management of household and community responsibilities allowed him to operate freely and establish himself as a popular national leader. Even during financial crises, she innovatively managed resources, ensured the education of children, and provided support to activists.
Her efforts were instrumental in the formation and operation of the Praja Panchayet, the underground network working to overthrow the Rana regime. She risked her life delivering secret messages, disguising herself as a farmer, and protecting fellow activists from arrest. Her courage and strategic contribution were critical in advancing the democratic movement.
Final Years and Legacy
Years of hardship, overwork, and exposure to risk eventually led to heart disease and asthma. Heera Devi passed away on 26th Magh, B.S. 2025 (1968 CE), at the age of 48. Even in her final years, she continued her work for social welfare and political activism, leaving a profound legacy of bravery, selflessness, and dedication.
Dharma Ratna Yami described her loss poignantly:
“You all lost your mother; I lost all three together—mother, life partner, and wife.”
Heera Devi Yami remains an enduring symbol of courage, resilience, and commitment to social and political justice. Her life exemplifies the values of sacrifice, determination, and selfless